Art Deco was an international design and art movement Influenced by sources as varied as the Bauhaus School in Germany, the Cubist paintings of Georges Braque’s and Pablo Picasso, Mayan ruins in the Yucatan, and the discovery of King Tot’s tomb, the style was a rejection of the organic, naturalistic sensibility of Art Nouveau. Most Art Deco objects were mass-produced, a great many survive today, making them terrific and often surprisingly affordable collectibles. Industrial designers Raymond Loewy and Henry Dreyfus created many functional objects such as clocks, radios, and telephones. With the classic Art Deco angular, streamlined look. Statuettes and figurines, frequently of female nudes, were produced in plastic, bronze, and ceramic. Glass objects — from vases to perfume bottles — were also popular, with René Lalique, Antonin Daum, Henri Navarre, Art Deco masterpiece, is a one of the most famous landmarks in Manhattan; the 1937 Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco is another Art Deco triumph, in this case of both design and engineering. Then there’s Ocean Drive in the South Beach section of Miami, home to some 800 preserved Art Deco structures. Inside all those Art Deco buildings was furniture by the likes of Emile-Jacques Ruhlmann, who equipped his armchairs with Art Deco is sometimes seen as a reaction against Art Nouveau, the immediately preceding period of decorative design. Art Nouveau is a style based on romantic and naturalistic images, dominated by a graceful, curvilinear line. It is highly decorative, having a sensuous, dreamy, more subtle quality than the gaudy ornamentation typically associated with the Victorian period.
Art Deco, in contrast, is often considered as an interpretation of the future based on the use of straight angles and clean lines without superfluous decoration. This opinion is contradicted by observers who point out that early Art Deco did not fit that description. It was neither all lines and angles nor was all examples plain and austere. These writers believe Art Deco grew out of Art Nouveau or was a refinement of that earlier style. They emphasize that early pieces often were richly executed with lavish materials and were quite luxurious.
Some authors describe Art Deco as being a “nevi, art” which did not imitate previous designs. Critics of that view believe that the “true” Art Deco was derived from the restrained neo-classical 18th century styles. Another view is that Art Deco borrowed from cultures such as the Egyptian, African and American Indian. From the items featured certain earmarks of what is currently collected as Art Deco can be seen. For instance, typical subjects of decoration are dominated by human figures either in a nude or semi-nude state, and depictions of the sun, moon and earth are prevalent. Suggestions of the future and of speed are shown either by items actually shaped in the form of an airplane, ship or rocket, or as a decorative motif. All types of geometric shapes and lines can be found incorporated into the designs of most objects. The cube, triangle or pyramid, and stepped or zigzagged lines are common. Elsewhere in the house, a host of decorative and functional.
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